clarence birdseye net worthbecome a survival food distributor

[5] He matriculated at Amherst College, where his father and elder brother had earned degrees. In deed, at a party for Mrs. Post's 80th birthday, one of her friends was moved to say that her physical beauty is more widely known and admired than any other woman's in the world. The remark brought cheers from those assembled. Birdseye realized that the way to expand the market for fish was to develop the means to pack and transport it over long distances, "in compact and convenient containers" and distribute it to individual customers with its "intrinsic freshness" intact. (17 April 1934). So what has / have: Will Kellogg (and his brother), Marjorie Post (and her deceased father), Clarence Birdeye (acquired by Marjorie for $23.0 million USD in circa 1912 or $300.0 million in today . By now, Birdseye's own ambitions had soared way beyond fish fillets, but it didn't happen quite as Birdseye had imagined. Method of preserving piscatorial products. The intrepid adventurer and frontier foodie dynamically accelerated the race for greater convenience. U.S. Patent No. Henry Stinson Birdseye, Sr. brother. Clarence Birdseye (December 9, 1886 October 7, 1956) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, considered the founder of the modern frozen food industry. His invention was issued US Patent #1,773,079, considered by some as the beginning of today's frozen foods industry. A spokesman for the family said that Mrs. Post was too sick to be told of the recent disappearance in a boating ac cident of another grandson, David Post Rumbough, in Gar diners Bay off Long Island. (12 August 1930). Anyone can read what you share. Today, tiger shrimp from Thailand, Japanese edamame and blueberry cheesecake outshine the plain white fillets in the freezer case, but those packs of haddock launched the freezer revolution: They embody the magic combination of size, shape, and packaging. The psychologist Mihly Cskszentmihlyi, in his work on the positive state of engagement that he called flow, wrote that people fully realized themselves only when immersed in a task that challenged them just enough but not too much. Kurlansky explains that people distrusted frozen food, railroads worried that they might be sued if the fish thawed in transit, public health officials fretted about bugs and germs. These included 27 different frozen items: The original haddock fillets, porterhouse steak, spring lamb chops, loganberries and raspberries, spinach and June peas advertised "as gloriously green as any you will see next summer." Its not surprising that the United States, with its vast spaces and enormous wealth, became the world capital of convenience. Birdseye had noticed that Labradors indigenous fishermen froze their catch in the frigid open air. Your purchase helps support NPR programming. Brining machine. Besides his frozen food process, he developed infrared heat lamps, a recoil-less harpoon gun for taking whales, and a method of removing water from foods. During that time . Clarence Clemons net worth: Clarence Clemons was an American musician who had a net worth of $20 million at the time of his death in 2011. In 1915, Birdseye married Eleanor Garrett while living in Labrador, and they had one son named Kellogg. And when in later years she was asked what made her organized and effi cient, she would invariablyl reply: When Mr. Post's business later took him to Washington, Mar jorie was enrolled in Mount Vernon Seminary. Clarence Birdseye improved the nation's diet and created a new industry based on his innovative food preservation processes. One day she flattened one of them with a right to the stomach. Corrections? Actor Clarence Gilyard passed away on Nov. 28, 2022. In this sense, ice is a container of time. His inventions made frozen food tastier and more widely . But even as Weber was writing, others were offering the first critiques of the emerging time-obsessed culture and the conveniences that fed it. Ilustrasi daging beku. Life in the future is always imagined as more convenient. By midcentury, time-pressed Americans were eating 800 million pounds of fast-frozen food annually. After catching fish, they would use a careful balance of ice and environmental conditions to instantly freeze their food without destroying it. The large ice crystals produced by slow freezing robbed food of flavor and texture, resulting in mushy products prone to rotting. Su nombre es Clarence Birdseye y aunque cuenta con 91 familias de patentes en campos muy diversos en las que figura como inventor, ha pasado a la posteridad por sus invenciones y patentes relacionadas con la congelacin de alimentos. It will make things easier. Learn Gilyard's net worth. (23 April 1935). Clarence Birdseye moved his family to Gloucester, Massachusetts in 1925, where he tried to establish frozen fish in a city where fresh fish was always available . The ice fields at either end of the globe, hundreds of feet deep, hold traces of the atmosphere of thousands of years past. Birdseye, Clarence. He was 69 years old. The bride, who had made annual trips with her fa ther to Europe, took Mr. Post along on the honeymoon to Italy and Egypt. This collection consists of 13 field journals, 12 of which were written by Clarence Birdseye and one by Perry W. Terhune. That happenedin 1925, when Birdseye perfected his flash freezing process usingbrine and a double-belt freezer that could freeze fish even more quickly. Hij ontwikkelde de techniek van de snelkoeling en vond verschillende types van industrile diepvriezers uit. It was the same with their meat and game, which they kept fresh for months in hard-packed snow. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). This 1920s hunting trip to Canada inspired Birdseye's food preserving method. Lumps of dirt can hide sparkling gems. National distribution had become a reality and Birdseye had become a legend. In 2005, he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. He called it Postum. [9] He was taught by the Inuit how to ice fish under very thick ice. She was known to buy Sears, Roe buck shoes for casual wear. I was born into the great midcentury flowering of convenience foods, the age of the TV dinner, instant coffee and Cool Whip. 1912 [Leather Bound] by Clarence Birdseye | Jan 1, 2018. Datos biogrficos. ". Of course it all started with Birdseye, but its funny that an eccentric and adventurous eater like him would have done so much to industrialize the food we consume. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. Industrial efficiency was the official philosophy of the time, the quasi-scientific notion (believers dispensed with the quasi) that precise measurement and management would boost productivity and therefore the general welfare. In 1922, Birdseye conducted fish-freezing experiments at the Clothel Refrigerating Company, and then established his own company, Birdseye Seafoods Inc., to freeze fish fillets with chilled air at 43C (45F). At the age of eleven he advertised his courses in the subject. But it allowed them to be packed tightly into rectangular fiberboard boxes. Even if he didn't pioneer actual freezing, Kurlansky points out, that Birsdseye he had "to pioneer most everything else in his process." He added, I may be some time.. But the packaging would disintegrate once it got wet. When she had given her conclusions, he explained each step of the meet ing and his own reasons for fu ture projects. Bin for storage of fish. There he excelled at science, although an average student in other subjects. Your local freezer aisle is now the locus of food innovation; frozen food is one of the fastest growing of grocery categories. One of nine children, Birdseye grew up in Brooklyn before heading to Amherst College and began his scientific career with the U.S. government. Genealogy for Kellogg Gannett Birdseye, Sr. (1916 - 2002) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. In 1906 he went to Amherst College to study biology; two . He experimented on freezing food in 1917, and sold frozen fish in 1924. In essence, the machine squeezed waterproof cartons holding two inch blocks of fish between freezing plates that were kept between 20 and 50 degrees below Farenheit, for 75 minutes.The cartons never came into contact with the refrigerant and the neat packages were suitable for marketing to individual customers. Camp Top ridge, her summer retreat in the Adirondacks, has been be queathed to C. W. Post Col lege, which was named for Mrs. Post's father. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. (To the British, a public convenience is a bathroom, and it doesnt get much more mundane than that.) The food would then be frozen under pressure between two flat . Method in preparing foods and the product obtained thereby. 1,822,077. In 1925, he unveiled his invention, the "Quick Freeze Machine." Four years later, he sold his company, the General Seafood Corporation, to General Foods, while staying on as a consultant. El libro " Birdseye: the adventures of a curious man " (Mark Kurlansky, Doubleday, New York, 2012) nos . Today, frozen food is a multi-billion dollar industry and Birds Eye, the leading brand, is sold almost everywhere. How? Americans now eat most of their meals away from home or on the go, a fact that explains the popularity of products like Go-Gurt. Among his favorite meals was rattlesnake fried in pork fat, which tasted, according to Birdseye, much like frog legs. When he wanted a real treat, he might cook up some skunk. A guy willing to let his lynx marinate for a month to get it just right. The initial product line featured 26 items, including 18 cuts of frozen meat, spinach and peas, a variety of fruits and berries, blue point oysters, and fish fillets. From Labrador, he wrote letters home that described exotic meals like lynx marinated in sherry, porcupine, polar bear meat and skunk. It overcame the limitations of local and seasonal food in unprecedented ways. In 1924, his company went bankrupt for lack of consumer interest in the product. He lives in Brooklyn, where he is greatly inconvenienced. Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1886, Clarence Birdseye, like many successful entrepreneurs, embarked on the path of free enterprise at an early age. Ever-faster Internet connections give us instant access to, for example, video of somebody elses dog riding a Roomba. Birdseye, Clarence. [15] Birdseye was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005. [1] Um de nove filhos, Birdseye cresceu no Brooklyn antes de ir para a Universidade de Amherst e comear sua carreira cientfica com o governo dos Estados Unidos. While investigating facts about Clarence Birdseye Net Worth and Clarence Birdseye Invention, I found out little known, but curios details like: The founder of the modern frozen food industry, Clarence Birdseye, was inspired when ice fishing in Labrador, Canada, in -40C weather. He also worked with entomologist Willard Van Orsdel King (18881970)[8] in Montana, where, in 1910 and 1911, he captured several hundred small mammals from which King removed several thousand ticks for research, isolating them as the cause of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a breakthrough. There is no sense saving time if we dont know what to do with the time we have saved. Less than four months later they were married. Despite his importance in the world of frozen food, Birdseye's original chosen fieldhad nothing to do with the food industry. Idioms like marriage of convenience, on the other hand, communicate our disapproval of arrangements that seem merely shadily expedient. (9 September 1930). I loved it, Mrs. Po. These trends, according to the authors, contributed tohigh blood pressure,obesity and nervous strain., One of the knocks against conveniences has always been that even as they promise to save us time and trouble, they always seem to make us busier. 1,802,369. When, stranded at home by the pandemic, I learned that Amazon Prime would bring just about anything to my front door, and bring it now, I was briefly amazed. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Birdseye is now focused on marketing. Birdseye, Clarence. And if there is anything you i want and you don't ask for it, it's your own. Hillwood, her Washington home, has been willed to the Smithsonian Institution, togeth er with its antique furnishings, jewels and gardens. $200 per post at $10/CPM. Birdseye, Clarence (1886-1956) US industrialist and inventor, who developed a technique for deep-freezing foods. The association between the season and frozen food remains so strong for me that to this day, I cannot open a freezer door without feeling residual pangs of self-reproach and contrition. It took two serv ants four hours every day to dust the room at Topridge that housed the collection, which in cluded such items as totem poles, stuffed animals and, war bonnets worn by Geronimo and Sitting Bull. Because it is more convenient. Birdseye, he says, would have seen all these as positive things. Then, in 1923, he started his own company,Birdseye Seafoods Inc., selling fish frozen with Inuit-inspired sub-zero air. But as usual, the strongwilled Mrs. Post won out, Three years later, in 1929, Postum bought out the Birds eye operation for $20million and changed its name to the General Foods Corporation. In 1908, family finances[1]:34 forced Birdseye to withdraw from college after his second year. The pice de rsistance was lynx meat, which had been soaked for a month in sherry, pan-stewed, and served in a brown gravy.. Dozens of nations organized expeditions, and their efforts were covered in newspapers like sporting events. Clarence Birdseye (1886-1956) found a way to flash-freeze foods and deliver them to the public - one of the most important steps forward ever taken in the food industry. Convenience has an illusory quality. When it first appeared in English in the 14th century, convenient meant fitting or appropriate. Our modern sense of convenience emerged only later, and it took capitalism to make it one of our defining values. Although there was no lack of cream in predominantly agri cultural Russia, Mrs. Post had 2,000 pints of pasteurized creamfrozen by the Birdseye processand 25 refrigerators shipped ahead to the American Embassy, in Moscow. 1,561,503. The annals of inconvenience probably begin with Adam and Eve. While he was busy amassing his frozen food empire, Birdseye actually had a material effect on one food's appearance. (17 November 1925). In 1912 Birdseye went to Labrador, where he took up work as a fur trader; he continued this work intermittently until 1917. Andrew Santella is the author of Soon: An Overdue History of Procrastination, From Leonardo and Darwin to You and Me. She was 86 years old. After almost 20 years, her marriage to Mr. Davies ended in divorce in 1955. Among his inventions during his career was the double belt freezer. With convenience, as with potato chips, you can never be satisfied with a little bit. A healthy suspicion of convenience doesnt necessarily make you a drudge or a workaholic. Guests had to keep three of Mrs. Post's rules in mind. Convenience requires finding the fastest possible way to get across a continent (or even just your city at rush hour) and the easiest possible way to communicate with anyone, anywhere, anytime. (14 October 1924). This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. The "Birds Eye" name remains a leading frozen-food brand. Known for. Innovators Clarence Birdseye", "The Inventor Who Put Frozen Peas on Our Tables", "Clarence Birdseye Eats His Way Through Labrador", "The story of Birds Eye begins with our founder, Clarence Birdseye", "Clarence Birdseye And His Fantastic Frozen Food Machine", "Clarence Birdseye Is Dead at 69. The only dif ference is that I do more with mine. The North and South poles remained as the two last terrestrial prizes for explorers, and reaching them seemed just a matter of time. Clarence Frank Birdseye II (December 9, 1886 - October 7, 1956) was an American inventor who is considered the founder of the modern method of freezing food. Sinopsis. Conveniences etymological roots are in Latin. Birdseyes quick-freezing method produced smaller ice crystals that did less damage to perishable food and worked to preserve flavor and freshness. Dancing was her favorite exercise. Rail travel and telecommunications had changed our very concept of time, and the world seemed to be shrinking. . Beauport Hotel, with 94 guest rooms and suites, sits where once was a fish fillet flash-freezing plant owned by Clarence Birdseye, but had been closed since 2003. Birdseye packed and froze his fish fillets in the patented cartons he developed Even in the New York City of Birdseyes childhood, tin-lined wooden iceboxes were already commonplace, one of the first generation of household conveniences that would later seem indispensable. It was while working with them that the "big Birdseye idea," as Kurlansky calls it, first began to take shape. He made it convenient. Birdseye, Clarence. YOU HAVE 20,000 FOLLOWERS: $100 per post at a $5/CPM. Birdseye, Clarence. He taught resort-hotel bartenders, for example, how to use ice to create cold mixed drinks. Before Birdseye's patented methods, no one really stored or ate frozen foods (then called frosted foods) owing to their terrible tasteit was so noxious that New York State even banned using it to feed prisoners. Pre-Birdseye preservation methods froze food relatively slowly at temperatures not much below freezing. Paperback. The world was becoming a little ice-obsessed, and also more than a little time-obsessed. 1,511,824. Ia lahir pada 9 Desember 1886 di New York, US. After returning to the United States, he began to experiment and, in 1924, helped found General Seafoods Company. Now it just registers as the natural order of things. He eventually ascertained that the reason the Inuits could thaw fish that still tasted good after weeks of being frozen was the quick-freeze method's smaller ice crystals that don't disrupt the food's cell membranes, a stark contrast with then-conventional freezing methods that resulted in large ice crystals and effectively ruined foods. Updates? He told his companions that he was going out for a walk. Check out some facts on Birdseye's life that reveal his genius as a food innovator and why we came close to enjoying frozen alligator. It had to be done by hand. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Shortly after her, 80th birth day, Mr. Mitchell told a re porter what many of Mrs. Post's friends had said before: Whenever Marjorie touches anything, you know it's been touched by royalty., See the article in its original context from. Birdseye's original multiplate freezing machine froze food fast the secret to maintaining fresh flavor People had been storing food in icehouses for centuries. Birdseye, Clarence. Birdseye was raised in Brooklyn, New York, and from a young age was interested in the natural sciences. 1,822,123. Inventor of Frozen-Food Process. In 1922 he left his job at the Fisheries Association and set out to "create an industry, to find a commercially viable way of producing large quantities of fast frozen fish.". st recalled of her early introduction to the business world. With convenience food, one has no need for a dining room table, no need for a knife and fork and, for that matter, no need for other people. It soon improved. Guests were flown to the Saranac Lake, N.Y., airport in her Viscount turboprop plane, the Merriweather. Disclamer: the number about Clarence McClendon's Instagram salary income and Clarence McClendon's Instagram net worth are just estimation based on publicly available information about Instagram's monetization programs, it is by . Nils Lofgren. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye.Among his inventions during his career was the double belt freezer. But his innovations did help to create a new industry, and that industry doomed the old Labrador fisheries that once sold salt cod to Europe and South America. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye. Say you like the looks of that sweater, but youre not sure which size to go with. Birdseye, Clarence. And having just read Mark Kurlansky's new biography of Clarence Birdseye, I now see the humble fish fillet in a whole new light. (28 April 1931). Method of preparing food products. Birdseye, Clarence. In 1925, General Seafood Corporation moved to Gloucester, Massachusetts. From Clarence Birdseye to the Distinguished Order of Zerocrats, how Americans learned to eat from their freezers by Eater Staff Aug 21, 2014, 9:40am EDT If you buy something from an Eater link . This invention, along with the process which went with it, became the basis of the new frozen food industry, says Kurlansky, and "remained the basic commercial freezing system for decades.". But ice, too, played its part in making the modern world. It shared Birdseye's vision that this was the food of the future. (8 September 1931). Although she entertained lav ishly, Mrs. Post favored a diet of simple foods and did not smoke or drink. U.S. Patent No. Saving time and labor, promoting comfort and ease convenience in these senses comes to us as an inheritance of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the age of a fully matured industrial capitalism and also the very years when Birdseye was roaming the wilds of the rugged West and frozen North, eating everything he could catch. But if you've ever enjoyed a meal that was frozen before it was ready to eat, you're almost certainly familiar with the processes he brought to the food industry nearlya century ago. Free returns are a convenience we would not have dreamed of a few decades ago, but along with it comes a glut of returned merchandise that retailers cant afford to return to inventory, so an awful lot of it ends up in the landfill. Birds Eye is an American international brand of frozen foods owned by Conagra Brands in the United States, by Nomad Foods in Europe, and Simplot in Australia.. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. One was that luncheon and dinner were served promptly at the sound of a bell rung 15 min utes after a warning bell. It claims to saves us time and labor, thus freeing us for more noble and enjoyable pursuits like, say, conversing with our children or (more realistically) binge-watching Fleabag. U.S. Patent No. Fish out of water: The site of a Birdseye frozen-food factory in Gloucester, Mass., transforms into a seaside hotel. sister. He would freeze the food by packing it in cartons and wax-packing it. Also surviving are seven grandchildren and eleven greatgrandchildren. In 1893 Mr. Post, who had been a farmmachinery sales man, mixed wheat, molasses and bran together to get a nu tritional substitute for coffee. In 1905, the Journal of the American Medical Association warned that modern conveniences added to daily stress and alienated people from others. They seem authentic and personal to us precisely because they ask so much of us. By God, there is a bottom to my pocketbookeven if people don't think so.. The problem with arguing against convenience is that it puts you on the side of inconvenience. Birdseye was raised in Brooklyn, New York, and from a young age was interested in the natural sciences. Clarence Birdseye, (born December 9, 1886, New York, New York, U.S.died October 7, 1956, New York), American businessman and inventor best known for developing a process for freezing foods in small packages suitable for retailing. But convenience for its own sake leaves us empty. One of nine children, Birdseye grew up in Brooklyn before heading to Amherst College and began his scientific . Cuando muri el 7 de octubre de 1956, en . The family, moved to Bat tle Creek, Mich., where Mr. Post sought help for his failing health. U.S. Patent No. Up until the 1920s in America, it was the food of last resort. My doubts about convenience are not based on any sense of moral superiority. Every convenience comes at a cost and that cost is not always borne by the person enjoying the convenience. What Birdseye hit on in his post-Labrador experimentation was a way to freeze food that wouldnt spoil the product and just as important, the methods for packaging and transporting it for convenience-minded consumers. U.S. Patent No. Refrigerating apparatus. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. This experience proved be a crucial turning point in Birdseye's life. At first, Birdseye put these boxes into a long metal holders that was immersed in freezing calcium chloride, but three years later, in 1927, he applied to patent his multiplate freezing machine. Adems tena un espritu empresarial que le marc toda su vida. Early work In 1910 and 1911, he captured several hundred small mammals and isolated several thousand ticks for research . Clarence Birdseye (Brooklyn, 9 december 1886 - Manhattan, 7 oktober 1956) was een Amerikaanse uitvinder, ondernemer en naturalist, die beschouwd wordt als grondlegger van de moderne diepvriesindustrie. In 1930, he researched refrigerated grocery display cabinets, and in 1934, he established a joint venture to produce them. He died on 18 June 2002, in New York City . So you buy the same garment in two or three different sizes and try them all on at home! A Clarence Birdseye le gustaba ms la comida, en general, y todo lo relacionado con los animales y la naturaleza, en particular. At journey's end each guest had his own cabin, with maid and footman. Modern-day Freezing Process technology used in Food preservation has received its inspiration from Clarence Birdseye. Frozen fish sticks were an occasional offering at our dinner table, especially during Lent. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. $22.95 $ 22. Mrs. Post rose from her chair, left her gloves on the table, said, Excuse me and left the room. Birdseye, Clarence. But in Labrador he learned from the Inuit how to fish trout from holes in the ice and watch it freeze instantly in the air, which registered at 30 degrees below zero. By 1923 he was experimenting with various methods in his kitchen in the suburbs of New York City. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. In working out the answers to those questions, Birdseye helped change the way the world ate. (17 September 1935). He dined on woodchuck, beaver and porcupine. Ice was the center of a global trade in the 19th century that transformed domestic life. sister. It even helped shaped current school lunch programs. The 17th-century philosopher and experimentalist Francis Bacon is said to have died of pneumonia brought on when he stopped mid-carriage ride to see whether stuffing a chicken with snow would preserve it. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Antarctic ice preserves even the century-old remains of Scott and his expedition, found by search parties a year later and buried in the only way possible on the Ross Ice Shelf in a cairn of heaped snow. She served as director of the corporation until 1958, during which time she was an early and important proponent of frozen foods. By Mick Vann, 12:39PM, Wed. Oct. 10, 2012 The dates of the journals are from 1910 November 9 to 1916 July 20. Her lifestyle, with its many estates, domestic staff of more than 40 persons, and many parties, often resembled that of royalty. Clarence Birdseye naci el 9 de diciembre de 1886 en Brooklyn, Nueva York, Estados Unidos.Sus padres fueron Ada Jane Underwood y Clarence Frank Birdseye I. She bought it after selling her 316foot yacht, the Sea Cloud, a floating man sion on which she often enter tained up to 400 people. There's a particular pleasure in being reminded that the most ordinary things can still be full of magic. The magazine welcomes comments, but we do ask that they be on topic and civil. Birdseye ran out of money and sold his company to the Post company. It was to Topridge that Mrs. Post and her friends went in summer. He wrote, more than anything else, about what he ate. (25 April 1933). Working for the U.S. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Hoping to become a biologist, he enrolled at Amherst College in 1910 but couldn't complete his studies because tuition was too expensive. Birdseye made food that most modern of things. U.S. Patent No. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Mr. Mar jorie was graduated in 1904, the same year the Posts were di vorced. (The other great supermarket microclimate is, of course, the misty rainforest of the produce department.) You probably aren't familiar with the nameClarence Birdseye, despite it being a pretty tough name to forget. yet his real goal was to develop and patent ideas to create a frozen food industry. (4 October 1932). Three years later she was married to Her bert A. Clancy: In less than a decade, frozen-food sales grew from $496 million to almost $2 billion. As Mark Kurlansky notes in his excellent 2013 biography of Birdseye, that deliciousness was a surprising contrast to the frozen foods Birdseye had encountered back in New York, which tended to turn mushy and unpalatable, if not outright dangerous, upon thawing. Clarence Frank Birdseye II (December 9 1886 - October 7 1956) was an American inventor entrepreneur and naturalist and is considered to be the founder of the modern frozen food industry. Doing so, it quickly depleted stocks of fish in the seas off Labrador, and by the end of the 20th century, a halt had to be called to cod fishing.

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